摘要1915-1934年墨西哥土地法的发展以土地所有制为视角摘要二十世纪以来，伴随着世界范围内普遍兴起的土地制度改革，土地法(Derecho Agrario)的重要性日益突出。墨西哥自l910年革命开始启动土地立法，直至1934年终于完成了土地法这一法律部门的基本建构和土地制度的改革。其中，墨西哥私人所有权绝对性的确立导致了墨西哥土地兼并扩大，集体土地所有权受到严重削弱。因为土地问题爆发的革命使自由党政府认识到了确立绝对所有权带来的问题，并以1915.1.6法令开启土地改革，在1917年宪法第27条中承认了错误，通过1920-1934年间的土地立法，建立了以私小土地所有制为基础，集体土地所有制作为补充，社会功能为导向的特色土地制度，在世界土地改革史中具有重要地位。本文主要分为五个部分：第一部分，绪论。介绍本文选题目的、意义及研究方法，并就国内外研究现状进行文献综述。第二部分，绝对的私人所有权对墨西哥的土地问题负有责任。回溯了殖民时代墨西哥土地所有权形态从公有向私有发展的过程，重点论述当时不存在近代意义的绝对所有权，私人土地财产权受到国家限制。而独立以来至1910年革命，这期间宪法确立的私人所有权绝对性是导致墨西哥土地兼并，并最终引发革命的原因之一。第三部分，1915.1.6法令开启了墨西哥自由党政府的土地改革。笔者首先介绍了1915.1.6法令产生的历史背景和思想基础，即1910年革命期间主要政治派别关于土地改革的方案和立法尝试，各方案的竞争和融合奠定了土地法的基本原则和理念，确立了土地制度改革的方向。其中萨帕塔(Zapata)与卡兰萨(Carranza)的方案和立法最为重要。其次着重论述了1915.1.6法令的内容。第四部分，1917-1934墨西哥土地立法发展的概况和具体表现。介绍1917-1934土地立法的宪法依据一一1917年宪法第27条，并从私人小土地所有权、村社土地所有权、所有权行使的社会功能限制、土地改革的执行机关和程序等几个切入点对19201934年间的土地立法展开论述，说明其发展特点。第五部分，结论。说明1915-1934墨西哥土地法的发展对各国土地制度改革具有重要意义。关键词：墨西哥土地法1915-1934土地所有制土地改革AbstractAbstractSince the 20th century,the importance of the agrarian law derehoAgrario)has become increasingly prominent along with the reform of theland system,which is widely rising all over the world.Mexico startedagrarian legislation in 1910 Revolution,and completed the basicconstruction of agrarian law and the reconstruction of land system in 1934.Among them,the establishment of absolute private ownership in Mexicoled to the expansion of land annexation in Mexico and the seriousweakening of collective land ownership.Because of the revolution of landproblem,the Liberal Party government realized the problem brought by theestablishment of absolute ownership,and started the land reform with thelaw of 1915.1.6.It admitted the mistake in Article 27 of the 1917constitution.Through the agrarian legislation of 1920-1934,it establishedthe characteristic land system based on the private small land ownership,supplemented by the collective land ownership and guided by the socialfunction It is of great significance in the history of land reform in theworld.This paper is divided into five parts:The first part is the introduction.This paper introduces the purposeand significance of this topic,and summarizes the research status at homeand abroad.In the second part,absolute private ownership is responsible for theland problem in Mexico.This paper traces back to the process of thedevelopment of Mexican land ownership form from public to private in thecolonial era,focusing on the fact that there was no absolute privateownership at that time,and the private land property rights were restrictedby the state.During the independence and 1910 revolution,theabsoluteness of private ownership established by the constitution was oneof the reasons that led to the annexation of Mexican land and eventually ledto the revolution.In the third part,law 1915.1.6 opened the land reform of the Mexicanliberal government.First of all,the author introduces the historical