我国农业转基因生物技术安全管理研究一一以衡阳黄金水稻为例摘要现代生物技术主要目的之一就是生产商品创造经济效益，其产品和工艺是人类创造性劳动成果，需要先进的研究条件和巨额的研究资金，并且研究投资风险高、见效期长。为了有效地鼓励工业技术创新并保护发明者的创造性成果，政府就通过授予发明者一种特权来保护发明者和投资者发明的产品和生产工艺方法。这些用法律形式规定的特权称之为知识产权，包括专利、商标、版权、商业机密和其他一些特殊的保护形式。其中专利保护是现代生物技术创造发明的重要和有效的保护方式之一。目前，国际社会关注的焦点是与现代生物技术相关的生物安全问题。生物安全是指生物技术从研究、开发、生产到实际应用整个过程中的安全性问题。转基因生物体引发的生物安全问题是由于转基因生物体的生产、处置、使用的不当，而对人类健康或自然生态环境造成的危害。转基因生物体的生物安全问题主要表现稿：两个方面：一是转基因生物对自然生态环境的安全性问题：二是转基因生物对人类健康的安全性问题。本文主要以衡阳黄金水稻为例，对我国农业转基因生物技术安全管理进行研究。本文的组织结构：本文共分为六部分，第1部分为绪论部分，主要包括研究背景及意义，研究目的，国内外研究现状以及研究内容与方法。第2部分是农业转基因生物技术安全管理概述。分别从转基因生物技术的起源，转基因生物技术的发展现状，转基因生物技术的双重性，转基因生物技术安全管理以及农业转基因生物技术安全管理概念、特征与内容。第3部分是针对当前我国农业转基因生物技术安全管理的现状及存在问题进行分析，并从不同层面进行原因分析。第4部分是案例分析部分，结合衡阳黄金水稻，对衡阳黄金水稻生物技术安全管理制度的困境进行分析。第5部分通过对以上的相关问题进行分析，结合国外农业转基因生物技术安全管理的经验与借鉴，提出农业转基因生物技术安全管理的行之有效的方法和建议。最后是总结与展望。本文通过以衡阳黄金水稻为例，针对农业转基因生物技术安全管理的现状及问题进行研究，对我国今后农业转基因生物技术安全管理政策的制定、改革与实施有着一定的指导意义，从而更好地指导我们合理设计机制以改变我国当前的农业转基因生物技术安全管理困境。关键词：农业：转基因生物技术：安全管理；黄金水稻The Agricultural Genetically Modified OrganismsTechnology and Safety Management in Chinatake Hengyang Golden Rice for ExampleAbstractModern biotechnology goods produced in one of the main purpose is to createeconomic benefits,its products and technology is human creative work,need toadvanced research conditions and huge funds,and high investment risk,long effectiveperiod.In order to effectively encourage the creative results of industrial technologyinnovation and protect the inventor,the government passed a privilege granted inventorsto protect inventors and investors in the products and production technology of theinvention.The privilege of the provisions in the law form called intellectual propertyrights,including patents,trademarks,Copyrights,trade secrets and other special formsof protection.The patent protection is modern biological technology invention of one ofthe important and effective way of protection.At present,the international communitythe focus is on the biological safety problems associated with modern biotechnology.Insecurity refers to biological technology from the research,development,production tothe security problems in the process of practical application of the whole.Geneticallymodified organisms biological safety problem was caused by improper of theproduction,disposal and use of genetically modified organisms,and the damage tohuman health or the natural ecological environment.'s biological safety problems ofgenetically modified organisms are mainly:two aspects:one is the safety of geneticallymodified organisms on the natural ecological environment problem;2 it is safety forhuman health of transgenic organisms.This article mainly in Hengyang golden rice,for example,is study of agriculturalgenetically modified organisms'technology and safety management in our country.Organization structure of this paper:the paper is divided into six parts,the first part isthe introduction part,mainly includes the research background and significance,research purpose,research status at home and abroad and the research contents andmethods.Second part is overview of agricultural genetically modified organismstechnology security management.Respectively from the origin of the transgenictechnology,transgenic technology development present situation,the dualism of thetransgenic technology,transgenic technology and safety management and safetymanagement of agricultural genetically modified organisms'technology concepts,characteristics and content.Part 3 is in view of the current our country agriculturalgenetically modified organisms'technology safety management present situation andexisting problems are analyzed,and an analysis of the causes from different aspects.Fourth part is the case analysis part,combined with the Hengyang golden rice,rice inHengyang gold the plight of biological technology and safety management system isanalyzed.Part 5 through analyze the above issues,combining with the agriculturalgenetically modified organisms technology security management of foreign experienceand reference,put forward the agricultural genetically modified organisms technologysecurity management of the effective methods and Suggestions.Finally is the summaryand outlook.Based in Hengyang golden rice,for example,in view of the current situation andproblems of the safety management of agricultural genetically modified organismstechnology,technology for the future agricultural genetically modified organisms safetymanagement policy,has certain guiding significance to the reform and theimplementation,so as to better guide our reasonable design mechanism to changeChina's current agricultural genetically modified organisms technology and safetymanagement.Key words:Agricultural;Genetically modified organisms technology;Safetymanagement;Golden rice.